science and technology literacy with respect to transportation

while teaching about the modes of transport, first information about ancient methods of transport that is by walking can be given and then the development and innovations in three different modes of transport that is land, water and air can be taught.

The world of automobiles, for example, remained largely unchanged for the first century of its existence, but in the past quarter century, environmental awareness and the high price of oil and gasoline has spurred research and development in cars fueled by alternative sources of fuel. All major auto companies now either have an electric car being developed or on the road, and all have successful gas/electric hybrid models.

Air travel has made more significant advances with the advent of the jet engine in the 1950s. Prior to the jet engine, all planes were prop-engines, which used large propellers to generate the speed and air flow over the wings necessary for flight. With the jet engine, planes could now fly farther and faster and carry larger loads

Science and technology literacy with respect to information and communicationtechnogy

while teaching the concept of satellites to eighth standard students , information about importance of satellites in communication and variety of artificial satellites launched can be told. also while teaching weather and climate topic, teacher can explain how meteorological department provides information about the upcoming natural disasters to people to warn them. Also importance of satellites in broadcasting T.V programs can also be told.

science and technology literacy with respect to energy

while teaching chapter work and energy ,different types of renewable source of energy can be taught about such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy, bio energy. There are variety of equipment available in the market  which is considered a good solution to energy crisis. sun is the primary source of energy and solar energy can be drawn from solar radiation through solar cells , either locally or in large photo voltaic power plants. solar heating uses solar panels which gather heat from sunlight to heat buildings and water.solar thermal power produces electricity by converting solar heat.

DISCREPANT SITUATION- Soil has air

A lump of dry soil is taken in a beaker, water is added  to the soil, it is seen  that bubbles come out from soil.

DISCREPANT SITUATION- Pressure trick

Empty plastic bottle was taken , four holes were drilled all around near the bottom of the bottle, holes are drilled at the same height, then bottle was filled with water. it was seen that water coming out of the bottle falls at the same distance from bottle.

           

DISCREPANT SITUATION- Charging by rubbing

1. plastic comp is  rubbed vigorously with wool, and was brought closer to small pieces of paper,  it attracts pieces of papers.